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...e]]s. It says that if ''a'' is a number, and ''p'' is a prime number, then in the notation of modular Arithmetic, it can be expressed as, [[Category:Theorems in number theory]] ...

...' be any [[natural number]]. Wilson's theorem says that ''n'' is a [[prime number]] if and only if: ...uation is correct. Also, if the equation is correct, then ''n'' is a prime number. The equation says that the [[factorial]] of ''(n - 1)'' is one less than a ...

...lity distribution|probability distributions]]. They say that given a large number of independent [[random variable]]s, their sum will follow a [[stable distr ...tions no longer require an identical distribution of all random variables. In these generalisations, another precondition makes sure that no single rando ...

...vides |G|. Moreover, the number of distinct left (right) [[coset]]s of H in G is |G|/|H|. This theorem is named after mathematician [[Joseph-Louis Lag * For any g in a group G, <math>g^k=e</math> for some k that divides the |G| ...

...'') states that if ''n'' and ''a'' are [[coprime]], (meaning that the only number that divides ''n'' and ''a'' is 1), then the following [[equivalence relati ...m of [[Fermat's little theorem]], which [[Pierre de Fermat]] had published in 1640, a hundred years prior. Fermat's theorem remained unproven until the w ...

...F, the system is called '''ZFC'''. It is the system of axioms used in set theory by most [[mathematician]]s today. ...ntradictions. [[Ernst Zermelo]] proposed a theory of set theory in 1908. In 1922, [[Abraham Fraenkel]] proposed a new version based on Zermelo's work. ...

...of some [[formal language]] a unique [[natural number]] called a '''Gödel number (GN)'''. The concept was first used by [[Kurt Gödel]] for the proof of his ...]]s can then represent some form or function. A [[numbering (computability theory)|numbering]] of the set of [[computable function]]s can then be represented ...

...matician Euclid (holding calipers), 3rd century BC, as imagined by Raphael in this detail from the School of Athens (1509–1511)]] '''Mathematics''' is the study of [[number|numeral]]s, [[shape]]s, and [[pattern]]s. The word comes from the [[Greek l ...

...calar fields (that is, [[function (mathematics)|function]]s which return [[number]]s as values), or its [[vector field]]s (that is, functions which return [[ Surface integrals have applications in [[physics]], particularly in the classical theories of [[electromagnetism]] and [[fluid mechanics]]. ...

In [[mathematics]], '''hyperbolic geometry''' is a [[non-Euclidean geometry]], ...t flat, because there are a lot of computers around the edges but very few in the center. Some physicists even think our [[universe]] is a little bit hyp ...

'''Fermat's Last Theorem''' or '''FLT''' is a very famous idea in [[mathematics]]. It says that: ...[[Algebraic solution|solution]]s when ''x'', ''y'' and ''z'' are [[natural number]]s. ...

| caption = Todorčević in 1984 *[[set theory]] ...