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...of logic programming in what is known as [[lambda calculus]] today. Logic programming has also been used in [[LISP]]. Programs consist of a set of rules and facts. In most cases, logic programming uses what is called [[negation as failure]] or ''weak negation:'' This mean ...

...larative programming language. [[Alain Cormerauer]], a [[France|French]] [[computer scientist]] created Prolog in the early 1970s. Prolog is rather different from other programming languages. It uses facts and rules. Given the facts, the rules can be used ...

...s only programming languages can have "if" statements and other [[Computer programming#Conditionals|conditional statements]]. The first markup languages were used ...

...unctions exist in most [[functional programming language]]s and most other programming languages where [[Closure_(computer_science)#Closures_and_first-class_funct == Examples in some programming languages == ...

...ramming_went_mainstream_years_ago/d0gr0rj|title=r/programming - Functional Programming Went Mainstream Years Ago|website=reddit|language=en|access-date=2019-05-22 ...ome people use other names for functions in programming, like [[Procedural programming|procedures]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stackoverflow.com/questions/721090 ...

== Variables in computer science== ...ext value), a [[Calendar date|date]], an amount of [[money]], an [[Object (computer science)|object]] such as a [[picture]], or simply [[:en:wikt:null|null]] ( ...

In [[logic|mathematical logic]] and [[computer science]], '''lambda calculus''', also '''λ-calculus''', is a formal system Lambda calculus can be called the smallest universal [[programming language]]. At its core, lambda calculus is made up of just one ''transform ...

In [[mathematics]], [[computer science]] and [[linguistics]], a '''formal language''' is one that has a pa ...>{{Cite web|title=1.11. Formal and Natural Languages — How to Think like a Computer Scientist: Interactive Edition|url=https://runestone.academy/runestone/book ...

'''Recursion''' is a word from [[mathematics]] and [[computer science]]. It is used to [[definition|define]] a thing, such as a [[Functio Recursion can be used to write [[Computer programming|computer programs]]. A program that uses recursion may be easier to write and unders ...

...85}}</ref> Today division by two is handled specially in modern [[computer programming]].<ref name="WC00">{{citation|title=Software optimization for high-performa ...t is either a 0 or a 1. Because of this, the fastest and easiest way for a computer to do division is by a bit shift operations -- division by two. Replacing r ...

{{about| what computer scientists call an alphabet|alphabets as a writing system|Alphabet}} In [[computer science]], an '''alphabet''' is a [[finite set|finite]] [[empty set|non-emp ...

A value close to tau is 6.283185307179586476925287. [[Computer]]s can be used to get better approximations of tau. == Tau in programming languages == ...

...rogramming|object-oriented]] languages, or languages which have [[pointer (Computer Science)|pointer]]s, there is an additional problem. Those languages contai ...ed another operator (in [[Java programming language|Java]], this [[method (Computer Science)|method]] is called ''equals''). This operator compares the actual ...

In [[philosophy]], [[mathematics]], and [[computer science]], a '''tuple''' is an ordered list of elements. The term ''tuple'' ...fixed number of items, often implemented as product types in [[functional programming]] languages. Tuples are also utilized in [[Relational database|relational d ...

In [[computer science]], a '''space-time''' or '''time-memory tradeoff''' is a way of sol ...sing [[:en:Loop_unrolling|loop unwinding]]. This [[technique]] makes the [[Computer program|program code]] longer for each iteration of a loop, but saves the c ...

In logic programming (like in Prolog), such a clause represents a basic truth or known fact in t In logic programming, a goal clause is used to specify what the system should prove or satisfy b ...

...or [[NaN]]. Division by zero is a common [[Software bug|bug]] in computer programming. Dividing [[Floating point unit|floating point]] numbers (decimals) by zero ...

== Computer science == ...only ones and zeroes to represent numbers. In [[machine code]] and many [[programming language]]s, one means "true" (or "yes") and zero means "false" (or "no"). ...

{{For|usage in computer science and programming|Parameter (computer science)}} ...ver, as it is typically used in the physical sciences. The data that one [[computer program]] gives to another are sometimes called parameters. ...

...n in [[pseudocode]], [[Flow chart|flow charts]], or [[Programming language|programming languages]]. ...a way of solving problems, often we want to know how long it would take a computer to solve the problem using a particular algorithm. When we write algorithms ...